what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration?

When the Spanish captured Granada in 1492, it allowed the Catholic monarchs, Ferdinand and Isabella, to listen to the arguments of the Genoese sea captain, Christopher Columbus, and his claims that he could find a shorter route to the Far East. In 1542, de Soto himself died during the expedition. It also established trading posts in China and Japan. They explored the coasts of Africa and brought back gold and slaves. One of this periods most famous works is the novel The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha, by Miguel de Cervantes. what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? He believed the earth to be much smaller than its actual size and, since he did not know of the existence of the Americas, he fully expected to land in Asia. Vasco Nez de Balboa traveled across Panama in 1513 and saw the Pacific Ocean for the first time. There were new places to explore, room to spread out, and cultures and economies to discover and even control. The marriage of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile in 1469 unified Catholic Spain and began the process of building a nation that could compete for worldwide power. Las Meninas (The Maids of Honor), painted by Diego Velzquez in 1656, is one of the best-known paintings in history. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. Portugal discovered new lands, new sea routes and made better maps of the world. Spain also grew increasingly wealthy, but the influx of gold and silver currency eventually caused serious problems leading Charles V to declare bankruptcy and spread inflation throughout Europe. The most famous of these Spanish adventurers are Christopher Columbus (who, though Italian himself, explored on behalf of the Spanish monarchs), Hernn Corts, and Francisco Pizarro. Her specialties include early modern European history, gender history, and music history. In the eighteenth century, a French historian compared Spanish and Portuguese expansion in the New World in the following terms: The conquests of the Portuguese in the New World are not as pleasing on a broad view as the conquests of Mexico and Peru. Treaty of Tordesillas - National Geographic Society Other countries would soon follow suit with France and Spain founding colonies for trade connections and means of dealing with dissident religious groups in North America. He understood why the exploration and hunt of the surrounding was done by the Domain . 247 lessons While the Portuguese built a maritime trading empire in Africa and Asia, the Spanish built a territorial empire in the Americas . 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What is the effect of Spanish and Portuguese Exploration? - Brainly The Great Depression, 1929-1932, Franklin Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1932-1941, Fighting the Good Fight in World War II, 1941-1945, Post-War Prosperity and Cold War Fears, 1945-1960, Political Storms at Home and Abroad, 1968-1980, The Challenges of the Twenty-First Century. Magellan and Joo Serro were the only Portuguese captains, with Magellan in charge of the largest ship, the Trinidad, and Serro at the helm of the Santiago. Although traditional warfare continued to be a major tool for political control, European countries also grew concerned with gaining economic superiority over their neighbors, their main tool being international trade. Inspired by tales of rivers of gold and timid, malleable natives, later Spanish explorers were relentless in their quest for land and gold. The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. Assessing the Success of Portuguese and Spanish Exploration and What should we consider when we interpret these documents today? The age of exploration came along way from 15th to the 17yh century bringing along voyages, conquests, new lands, disease, religion, and the exchange of goods. Spain brought the ecomienda system to the New World to build plantations for mining and farming, a system that categorically abused the Amerindian labor force without fair trades for their gold. Carrack or Nao - Ages of Exploration - Mariners' Museum and Park Europeans wanted to find their own trade routes and cut out the middle men, and with their better ships, maps, and navigational tools, they finally had the technology to do it. The Spaniards were not far behind the Portuguese in their exploration and empire building. The Spanish and Portuguese empires | South America | The Places Columbus also discovered tobacco seeds and brought the seeds back to Europe. Most trades for Western Europe required overland travel, which only grew more difficult with Ottoman conquests in the East. The explorers also gained new foods like corn and pineapple. Europeans longed for the luxuries of the Far East, including silks, pepper, and spices, but the Far East trade was dominated by Muslims and Venetians who hauled the goods over land, making them extremely expensive. By this and other means, native people helped shape the conquest of the Americas. They also found a sea route to India. They also looked west, settling in Brazil. Sources. Columbus' discoveries also shifted the reasons behind Spanish exploration from trade to empire-building and exploration. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. How do you think it might have influenced Europeans reading about the New World for the first time? This compass showed from four to eight directions. This slave trade also came into greater usage when the Portuguese followed the Spanish in setting their sights across the Atlantic, colonizing Brazil in the 1530s. What was the positive impact of Portuguese exploration? The Impact of Portuguese Exploration Portugal's explorers changed Europeans' understanding of the world in several ways. Malintzin translated for Corts in his dealings with Moctezuma and, whether willingly or under pressure, entered into a physical relationship with him. - Translation into English - examples Arabic Columbus made a total of four voyages to the New World, but he honestly believed for the rest of his life that he had found the Far East. Dutch & Spanish Dominance in South & Southeast Asia, The Italian Wars and Weakening of Papal Authority, Protestant Reformation on Germany | History, Effects & Impacts. Essay Sample. Prince Henry the Navigator - Facts, Timeline & Significance - Biography They explored the coasts of Africa and brought back gold and slaves. Early European Maritime Expeditions | The Geography of Transport Systems A desire for Asian spices and other Asian goods: European maritime expansion began with the goal of establishing new trade routes to African and Asian markets to buy ivory, pepper, cotton, and Spain was unable to compete with Portugal throughout most of the 15th century as it was occupied with consolidating itself on the Iberian peninsula and defeating the Islamic empire that had been present since the early middle ages. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Spanish Exploration Birth of the USA American Constitution American Independence War Causes of the American Revolution Democratic Republican Party General Thomas Gage biography Intolerable Acts Loyalists Powers of the President Quebec Act Seven Years' War Stamp Act Tea Party Cold War Battle of Dien Bien Phu Brezhnev Doctrine Brezhnev Era In 1533, Pizarro founded Lima, Peru. Menu and widgets He also started a school In this context, the Portuguese and the Spanish became the first countries to explore the Atlantic consistently, finding routes around Africa to the East and new continents untouched by European expansion. How Portugal Kicked Off the Age of Exploration - HISTORY The reasons for the difference are to be found in the. Portugal, the western-most European country, was one of the primary players in the European Age of Discovery and Exploration. They understood that the Portuguese would soon reach Asia and, in this competitive race to reach the Far East, the Spanish rulers decided to act. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. Finally, they also desired to build an empire and spread Catholicism. Another Italian, Amerigo Vespucci, sailing for the Portuguese crown, explored the South American coastline between 1499 and 1502. When we read them now, we need to take the descriptions with a grain of salt. A major result of the European Age of Exploration was. What did Portugal do first during the age of exploration? The trees, fruits and grasses differ widely from those in Juana. Overview. All those he petitionedincluding Ferdinand and Isabella at firstrebuffed him; their nautical experts all concurred that Columbuss estimates of the width of the Atlantic Ocean were far too low. Portuguese success in exploration depended on maritime technological advances, especially caravel ships with lateen sails that were triangular in shape and gave Europeans the advantage of finally sailing in both directions along the African coast. The world was opening up, and people were realizing how big it really was. Discover the motivations & goals of Spanish & Portuguese exploration of the New World & Asia. Payroll Services Expert, Novartis, Prague, Czech Republic 20+ Billion Cash Disbursements, 600k + payments through more than 400 Bank Accounts and countless lives impacted positively with our contributions to fulfill our noble purpose of reimagining medicineThe Payroll Services Expert supports the development of P&O processes, principles, and guidelines for a small client group, as well as . Vasco de Balboa 1513- goal was to find gold and a new sea. C. Africans sold spices to Portugal and Spain. Europeans gained new materials like gold, silver, and jewels. The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. The travels of Portuguese traders to western Africa introduced them to the African slave trade, already brisk among African states. At Elmina the main source was Ashanti gold, at trading points on the Guinea coast it was gold diverted to Portuguese traders from the caravan route from Timbuktu to Morocco. Finally, Vasco de Gama arrived in India and came back with a nice, profitable load of spices in 1499. The Portuguese explored the Canary Islands off the African coast as early as 1341, finding them perfect for the establishment of sugar colonies with labor supplied by African slaves. The Impact of Portuguese Exploration Portugal's explorers changed Europeans' understanding of the world in several ways. The compass rose also told . Christopher Columbus incorrectly believed he had found India when he landed at San Salvador in the Bahamas in 1492. D. Africans attended Prince Henry's navigation school This colonial enterprise was driven by a search for African gold, Asian spices, and Christian kingdoms in the east. They started in the Caribbean with a settlement at Santo Domingo on Hispaniola in 1496 and moved on to other islands. There were different reasons for the Spanish and Portuguese exploration, with the Portuguese establishing a trading post empire to protect their goods, and Spain focusing on. Their goals were to expand Catholicism and to gain a commercial advantage over Portugal. The dungeon of the fort now served as a holding pen for African slaves from the interior of the continent, while on the upper floors Portuguese traders ate, slept, and prayed in a chapel. 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Spanish and Portuguese Exploration Flashcards | Quizlet However, they also brought disease and existing conflicts between European nations. The Age of Exploration | History Quiz - Quizizz Moreover, it would be incorrect to attribute purely mercenary or religious goals to the conquest. Spanish fleets returned from the New World with holds full of gold, silver, and precious gemstones while Spanish priests traveled the world to convert and save the souls of the native populations. The Significance of Spanish Colonial Missions in our National Story and The traditional European narrative of exploration presents the victory of the Spanish over the Aztec as an example of the superiority of the Europeans over the savage Indians. Spanish and Portuguese Atlantic encounters set in motion the Columbian Exchange Columbian Exchange: The exchange of plants, animals, and diseases between Europe, Africa, and the Americas from first contact through the Age of Exploration (1500-1599). The seaports there are incredibly fine, as also the magnificent rivers, most of which bear gold. Spain and Portugal were considered to be the major exponents of The Age of Discovery, stretching from the early 15 th century to mid-17 th century. What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? 4.2C: The Economic Causes and Effects of European Maritime Exploration 2.1 Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest - OpenStax When the Spanish and Portuguese explore to the new world it results in massive increase in the population. Originally built by the Portuguese in the fifteenth century, it appears in this image as it was in the 1660s, after being seized by Dutch slave traders in 1637. Portuguese explorers were excellent navigators. Ecuador and Columbia fell to Spain later in the 1530s, and Chile succumbed in the 1540s. He participated in successful expeditions in Panama before following rumors of Inca wealth to the south. What was an effect of Spanish exploration on both the Inca and the Aztec civilization? The Portuguese did not emphasize colonization in their new territories. What was the impact of Vasco de Gamas exploration? What impact did the Portuguese have on exploration? For example, the mariner's astrolabe, which helped to plot location by measuring the altitude of the sun and stars. Create your account. All lands to the east of the line would go to Portugal. In the 1480s, Pope Sixtus IV had granted Portugal the right to all land south of the Cape Verde islands, leading the Portuguese king to claim that the lands discovered by Columbus belonged to Portugal, not Spain. 1524. Age of Exploration Jeopardy Template Over two centuries, the Spanish established an empire over two continents that changed the lives of the Amerindians, the very face of the land itself, and indeed, the entire world. a long period of peace and prosperity for the nations of western Europe. Explorer Bartholomeu Dias made his way around Africa, and Vasco de Gama finally made it to India. Instead, he encouraged exploration and directed many important expeditions. When Corts explored central Mexico, he encountered a region simmering with native conflict. The Portuguese expanded in wealth and founded the international slave trade, an institution whose ramifications would haunt Atlantic history until the nineteenth century. How did Portuguese and Spanish exploration effect the people in Africa? Cortes took land from the Aztecs in what is today Mexico. In 1492, Granada, the last Muslim stronghold on the Iberian Peninsula, had fallen to the forces of the Spanish monarchs. They understood that the Portuguese would soon reach Asia and, in this competitive race to reach the Far East, the Spanish rulers decided to act. Columbus and the Spanish Explorations - CliffsNotes Amy has MA degrees in History, English, and Theology. Seoul Station's Necromancer - Chapter 180: Defense (4) | Light Novel World The voyages of Columbus. Santngel had supported Columbuss voyage, helping him to obtain funding from Ferdinand and Isabella. . The confinement of my story to Spanish, rather than Iberian, America means the almost total exclusion of the Portuguese settlement of Brazil, except for glancing references to the sixty-year period, from 1580 to 1640, when it formed part of Spain's global monarchy. Missionaries like Motolinia had a legitimate desire to convert the natives and others like him, including the Dominican friar Bartolome de Las Casas, who wrote "A Brief Account of the Destruction of the West Indies" to draw attention to the atrocities committed against the natives by his fellow Spaniards. The Spanish established the first European settlements in the Americas, beginning in the Caribbean and, by 1600, extending throughout Central and South America. What does it reveal about the state of geographical knowledge, as well as European perceptions of the New World, at the beginning of the sixteenth century? The realization that the Amerindians in New Spain had large quantities of gold made mining the primary aim of many who came to the New World. To those ends, Ferdinand and Isabella sponsored extensive Atlantic exploration. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 As many of those eventually sank, shipwrecks may represent a local source of mercury contamination in the marine environment. What is the effect of Spanish and Portuguese Exploration? found and claimed Pacific Ocean for Spain and called it the south sea Hernando Cortes 1519- to find gold glory and god. Spurred by Christopher Columbuss glowing reports of the riches to be found in the New World, throngs of Spanish conquistadors set off to find and conquer new lands. The global flow of silver from the mid-sixteenth century to the early eighteenth century caused social and economic issues by creating social impact in China, changing the economic purpose for trading, and the overall exchange between the Chinese and European nations.